Inside structure of Batteries, Matsusada X-ray applications

Release: 2025-02-11, M.P.

The X-ray comparison shows images of four different batteries arranged from left to right: an AA-size manganese battery, an alkaline battery, a nickel-metal hydride (rechargeable) battery, and an 18650-size lithium-ion battery (rechargeable, not commercially available).

Manganese battery | Matsusada Precision — Manganese battery

Alkaline battery | Matsusada Precision — Alkaline battery

Nickel-metal hydride battery | Matsusada Precision — Nickel-metal hydride battery

Lithium-ion battery | Matsusada Precision — Lithium-ion battery

Battery Types	Structural Characteristics
Manganese battery	The key structural difference between manganese and alkaline batteries is visible in their current collectors. In the X-ray image, the materials surrounding the current collector (manganese and zinc) show varying darkness, with zinc appearing darker due to its higher atomic number.
Alkaline battery
Nickel-metal hydride battery	This battery features an insulating tube wrapped around its negative electrode. Due to its nickel composition, the negative electrode appears darker in X-ray images at the same exposure level.
Lithium-ion battery	The internal structure consists of alternating layers of cathode plates, anode plates, and separators, all contained within an outer case.

The X-ray image of the novelty mobile battery charger reveals its internal components from left to right: the USB terminal, circuit board, and socket. The detailed scan clearly shows the wiring connections between the circuit board and socket, as well as the circuit board's through holes and internal wiring patterns.