There are several types of analytical X-ray systems, such as X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), XAFS, XPS (ESCA), SAXS, and EPMA. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is an analytical technique that uses an X-ray spectrometer to irradiate a sample with X-rays. This process is used to identify the constituent elements of the sample and quantify their content. XRF systems are typically categorized into two types: energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and wavelength-dispersive X-ray analysis (WDX). Each element emits characteristic fluorescent X-rays at unique wavelengths (or energies). Therefore, when a sample is irradiated, it emits a spectrum of X-rays corresponding to the elements it contains.
In wavelength-dispersive X-ray analysis, X-rays of different wavelengths change the diffraction angle, so when X-rays are irradiated onto a spectroscopic crystal, they are resolved by wavelength. The fluorescent X-rays emitted from the sample are directed to a monochromator crystal, which separates them by wavelength--similar to how a prism disperses visible light. A detector then measures the intensity of the X-rays at each specific wavelength. In energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, fluorescent X-rays are captured by a semiconductor detector, which processes the signal to measure the X-ray intensity at each energy level. Both methods utilize an X-ray tube, which requires two key power supplies: a filament power supply for generating thermal electrons (via thermionic emission) and a high-voltage power supply to create the acceleration voltage for these electrons.
X-ray tubes are available in different configurations, including anode-grounded and cathode-grounded designs. Cathode-grounded tubes are often used for XRF, while anode-grounded tubes are common in XRD applications. Analytical X-rays, unlike NDT X-rays, do not require much acceleration voltage. Therefore, the acceleration voltage is typically up to 60 kV. However, high X-ray intensity (brightness) is often required. In this case, an X-ray tube of several kW is used, and it is water-cooled to prevent overheating of the tube. The detectors built into the equipment may also require a power supply system of several hundred V to several kV.
Matsusada Precision supplies all the power supplies for X-ray tubes, X-ray generating units, and detectors.
- Related words:
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- X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF)
- X-ray diffractometer (XRD)
- Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX)
- Wavelength dispersive X-ray analysis (WDX)
- Filament power supply
- Acceleration voltage
- Anode grounding
- Cathode grounding
- Detector
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We supply all types of power supplies for X-ray tubes, X-ray generating units, and detectors.
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