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FAQs

High Voltage Components and Manufacturers

Category
Power Supply Usage FAQs

When designing high-voltage circuits, it is critical to select electronic components specifically rated to withstand the intended operating voltage. This page presents a directory of component types and manufacturers suitable for applications exceeding 1000 V. Successful high-voltage design also requires careful consideration of factors such as creepage and clearance distances on PCBs, proper mounting techniques, and contamination prevention.

High-Voltage Electronic Component Types and Manufacturers

High-Voltage Resistors

High-voltage resistors are designed to safely divide voltage and limit current in high-voltage circuits operating from several kilovolts to tens of kilovolts. Constructed with metal film or ceramic coatings to achieve excellent insulation and arc resistance, these resistors offer long-term stability in critical applications. They are typically used in monitoring circuits of high-voltage power supplies, discharge paths, and bleeder circuits. Specifications such as resistance value, power rating, and impulse withstand voltage are critical parameters for ensuring safety and reliability.

High-Voltage Resistors (High-Voltage High-Power Resistors)
High-Voltage Resistors

High-Voltage Capacitors

High-voltage capacitors utilize dielectric materials with high dielectric strength, enabling efficient energy storage and discharge under high voltage stress. Depending on the application, polypropylene film, ceramic, or oil-filled types are selected. These capacitors are widely used for ripple filtering, in high-voltage pulse circuits, and as smoothing capacitors in applications like X-ray power supplies. They are designed to minimize partial discharge and leakage current, maintaining stable capacitance over extended periods of operation. The high-voltage capacitor category includes high-voltage ceramic capacitors, high-voltage film capacitors, and high-voltage microwave capacitors.

High-Voltage Capacitors (High-Voltage Ceramic Capacitors, High-Voltage Film Capacitors, High-Voltage Microwave Capacitors)
High-Voltage Capacitors

High-Voltage Diodes (High-Voltage Rectifiers)

High-voltage diodes are semiconductor components with high reverse voltage ratings, typically ranging from a few kilovolts to tens of kilovolts. They are essential in high-voltage rectification and voltage multiplier circuits. Utilizing structures like stacked silicon junctions, these diodes achieve low leakage current and fast recovery characteristics. They are particularly suited for Cockcroft-Walton type multipliers, DC high-voltage supplies, and power sources for electron guns.

High-Voltage Diodes (High-Voltage Rectifiers)
High-Voltage Diodes

Gas Discharge Tubes (Spark Gaps)

Spark gaps are devices consisting of two electrodes that initiate a gas discharge when a specified breakdown voltage is reached. They are used for surge protection, transient suppression, and high-energy pulse switching. Designed to withstand repetitive discharge events, they provide stable triggering characteristics and reliable operation. Designed to withstand repetitive discharge events, they provide stable triggering characteristics and reliable operation. The breakdown voltage is determined by the electrode spacing and gas type, making spark gaps widely used in pulse generators and surge protection circuits.

Gas Discharge Tubes (Spark Gaps)
Gas Discharge Tubes

High-Voltage Relays (High-Voltage Solid State Relays, High-Voltage Contactors)

High-voltage relays are switching components used for controlling high-voltage circuits. They are available in various forms, including electromagnetic and vacuum types. Their contact spacing and insulation structures are significantly reinforced compared to conventional relays, preventing arc discharge during switching. These relays combine high dielectric strength with low contact resistance, making them ideal for use in medical X-ray systems, source selector circuits, and high-voltage test equipment.

High-Voltage Relays
High-Voltage Relays

High-Voltage Switches

High-Voltage Connectors (High-Voltage Coaxial Connectors, High-Voltage Feedthroughs, High-Voltage Bushings)

High-voltage connectors are specialized interconnects designed to safely transfer high voltage between devices or from an internal source to an external load, while maintaining sufficient creepage and clearance distances. Typically built using ceramic or molded resin bushings, some models are suited for vacuum operation. They serve as essential interface components in X-ray systems and high-voltage power supplies where reliable external connection is required.

High-Voltage Connectors
High-Voltage Connectors

High-Voltage Cables (HV-Cables, High-Voltage Wires, High-Voltage Power Cords)

High-voltage cables are shielded cables used to transmit high-voltage energy over a distance or between devices. They feature a central conductor surrounded by multiple insulation layers and shielding to suppress partial discharge and leakage. X-ray cables in particular are engineered to provide both high flexibility and voltage endurance, ensuring stable performance even in moving parts. Often supplied as integrated cable assemblies with connectors, these cables play a key role in the overall reliability of high-voltage systems.

High-Voltage Wires
High-Voltage Wires

Insulating Oil (Transformer Oil)

Insulating oils serve a dual role as a dielectric medium and a cooling agent within high-voltage equipment. Used in transformers and oil-filled HV components, these oils are available in mineral-based or synthetic formulations, the latter offering superior thermal stability and environmental performance. They exhibit high dielectric breakdown strength and good thermal conductivity, thus effectively suppressing internal temperature rise. Since moisture and gas contamination can severely degrade their insulating properties, careful handling and maintenance are required. They exhibit high dielectric breakdown strength and good thermal conductivity, effectively suppressing internal temperature rise. Since moisture and gas contamination can degrade insulating properties, careful handling is required. Strict environmental regulations now prohibit the use of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs); therefore, modern high-voltage systems utilize PCB-free mineral or synthetic oils.
Matsusada Precision Products FAQ: Does it contain polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)?